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Charles Dickens

Madeline House, Graham Storey, and Kathleen Mary Tillotson (eds), The British Academy/The Pilgrim Edition of the Letters of Charles Dickens, Vol. 3: 1842–1843

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To C. C. FELTON, 2 MARCH 1843

MS Berg Collection. Address: By Mail Steamer | Professor Felton | Cambridge | Massachusetts | United States.

1 Devonshire Terrace York Gate Regents Park London

Second March 1843.

My Dear Felton.

I don't know where to begin, but plunge headlong with a terrible splash into this letter, on the chance of turning up somewhere.

Hurrah! Up like a Cork again—with the North American Review5 in my pg 452hand. Like you, my dear Felton. And I can say no more in praise of it, though I go on to the end of the sheet. You cannot think how much notice it has attracted here. Brougham called the other day with the No. (thinking I might not have seen it) and I being out at the time, he left a note, speaking of it, and of the writer, in terms that warmed my heart. Lord Ashburton (one of whose people wrote a Notice in the Edinburgh, which they have since publicly contradicted)1 also wrote to me about it in just the same strain. And many others have done the like.

I am in great health and spirits, and powdering away at Chuzzlewit, with all manner of facetiousness rising up before me as I go on. As to news, I have really none, saving that Forster (who never took any exercise in his life) has been laid up with the rheumatism for weeks past, but is now, I hope, getting better. My little captain,2 as I call him—he who took me out, I mean, and with whom I had that adventure of the cork soles3—has been in London too, and seeing all the lions under my escort. Good Heavens! I wish you could have seen certain other mahogany faced men (also Captains) who used to call here for him in the morning, and bear him off to Docks and Rivers and all sorts of queer places, whence he always returned late at night, with rum and water tear-drops in his eyes, and a complication of Punchy smells in his mouth! He was better than a Comedy to us—having marvellous ways of tying his pocket hand kerchief round his neck at dinner time in a kind of jolly embarrasment4—and then forgetting what he had done with it. Also of singing songs to wrong tunes, and calling land objects by sea names, and never knowing what o'Clock it was, but taking midnight for seven in the evening; with many other sailor oddities, all full of honesty, manliness, and good temper. We took him to Drury Lane Theatre to see Much Ado About Nothing.5 But I never could find out what he meant by turning round to Kate after he had watched the first two scenes with great attention; and enquiring "whether it was a Polish piece?"!

aForster must make haste and get well, for this day month, the second of April, is our wedding day and his birthday; on which high festival, we always go down in great state to Richmond (an exquisite place upon the River Thames: some twelve miles off) and hold a solemn dinner, whereat we empty our glasses, you may believe.a On the fourth, I am going to preside at a Public Dinner for pg 453the benefit of the Printers;1 and if you were a guest at that table, wouldn't I smite you on the shoulder, harder than ever I rapped the well-beloved back of Washington Irving at the City Hotel in New York!2

You were asking me—I love to say, asking—as if we could talk together—about Maclise. He is such a discursive fellow, and so eccentric in his might, that on a mental review of his pictures I can hardly tell you of them as leading to any one strong purpose. But the Annual Exhibition at the Royal Academy comes off in May,3 and then I will endeavour to give you some notion of him. He is a tremendous creature, and might do anything. But like all tremendous creatures, he takes his own way, and flies off at unexpected breaches in the conventional wall.

You know Hone's4 Every Day Book, I dare say. Ah! I saw a scene of mingled comicality and seriousness at his funeral some weeks ago,5 which has choked me at dinner-time ever since. George Cruikshank and I, went as Mourners;6 and as he lived, poor fellow, five miles out of town, I drove George down. It was such a day as I hope for the credit of Nature is seldom seen in any parts but these—muddy, foggy, wet, dark, cold, and unutterably wretched in every possible respect. Now, George has enormous whiskers which straggle all down his throat in such weather, and stick out in front of him, like a partially unravelled bird's-nest; so that he looks queer enough at the best, but when he is very wet, and in a state between jollity (he is always very jolly with me) and the deepest gravity (going to a funeral, you know) it is utterly impossible to resist him: especially as he makes the strangest remarks the mind of man can conceive, without any intention of being funny, but rather meaning to be philosophical. I really cried with an irresistible sense of his comicality, all the way, but when he was drest out in a black cloak and a very long black hatband by an undertaker, who (as he whispered me with tears in his eyes—for he had known Hone many years—was "a character, and he would like to sketch him") I thought I should have been obliged to go away. However, we went into a little parlor where the funeral party was, and God knows it was miserable enough, for the pg 454widow and children were crying bitterly in one comer, and the other mourners—mere people of ceremony, who cared no more for the Dead Man than the hearse did—were talking quite coolly and carelessly together in another; and the contrast was as painful and distressing as anything I ever saw. There was an Independent clergyman1 present, with his bands on and a bible under his arm who as soon as we were seated, addressed George thus, in a loud emphatic voice—"Mr. Cruikshank. Have you seen a paragraph respecting our departed friend, which has gone the round of the morning papers?"2—"Yes Sir", says George, "I" have—looking very hard at me the while, for he had told me with some pride, coming down, that it was his composition. "Oh!" said the clergyman. "Then you will agree with me Mr. Cruikshank that it is not only an insult to me who am the servant of the Almighty, but an insult to the Almighty whose servant I am"—"How's that Sir?" says George. "It is stated, Mr. Cruikshank, in that paragraph", says the Minister, "that when Mr. Hone failed in business as a bookseller, he was persuaded by me to try the Pulpit, which is false, incorrect, unchristian, in a manner blasphemous, and in all respects contemptible. Let us pray." With which, my dear Felton—and in the same breath I give you my word—he knelt down, as we all did, and began a very miserable [jumble]3 of an extemporary prayer. I was really penetrated with sorrow for the family, but when George (upon his knees, and sobbing for the loss of an old friend) whispered me "that if that wasn't a clergyman, and it wasn't a funeral, he'd have punched his head", I felt as if nothing but convulsions could possibly relieve me.4

pg 455bTell Longfellow that I can't find that book of his, but that I have some others from the Shakespeare Society1 for him; and that I want to know whether I shall send them to Hillard.2 Remember me heartily to our Hillard, and to Sumner, and all friends. We have been greatly concerned at Mrs. Felton's not being well,3 but hope your next accounts will be more favorable. Our united loves to her. Tell me something in your next, about Dr. Channing's family. Disgusted with our Established Church, and its Puseyisms,4 and daily outrages on common sense and humanity, I have carried into effect an old idea of mine, and joined the Unitarians,5 who would do something for human improvement, pg 456if they could; and who practise Charity and Toleration. The Tories will love me better than ever, if this gets wind. My children shall return the compliment, please God!b

  • Faithfully Always My Dear Felton
  •                                               CD.

Notes Settings

Notes

Editor’s Note
5 "Charles Dickens; his Genius and Style" in the Jan number; a 25-page article, the latter half on American Notes. CD would have valued especially Felton's public support of his views on international copyright, and his rebuttal of the common charge ("unjust, false, virulent and vulgar") of being a hired agent of English publishers and authors. Felton also admitted some justice in CD's attack on American newspapers, though thinking it exaggerated (see To Mrs Trollope, 16 Dec 42) and denying their power and influence; "the honorable and high-minded man" had nothing to fear from them. CD's book, "scattered all over the country by the penny press", had been read "with general approbation"; its pictures were the humorous scenes of a creative artist, not satires on American civilization; the style was free, graphic and flowing, the general tone frank, honest and manly, steering clear of personalities. The review contained long quotations of the less controversial passages—e.g. the voyage, the Lowell Institution, Niagara, the pigs in New York (compared with a passage in Head's Bubbles from the Brunnens of Nassau). Felton's general survey of CD's career and achievement, also highly favourable, compared his correction of "ancient abuses" with Charming's.
Editor’s Note
2 Hewitt; he had evidently left Devonshire Terrace, but did not sail again until 4 Apr.
Editor’s Note
4 Thus in MS.
Editor’s Note
5 On 24 Feb.
Editor’s Note
aa Not previously published.
Editor’s Note
1 The anniversary festival of the Printers' Pension Society, held at the London Tavern: see Speeches, ed. K. J. Fielding, pp 36–40. CD again referred to Spedding's comments on the American and English press in the Edinburgh Review. Forster, Jerrold, Stanfield, Tom Landseer, M'Ian, Bell and Hood were also present and the last two spoke. CD's accountbook (MS Messrs Coutts) shows a payment of £7.5s to the Society on 14 June. The annual meeting the following year referred to the appeal at this dinner as having "produced to the charity the net sum of £250, the largest amount ever collected on any similar occasion" (The Age, 9 Mar 44).
Editor’s Note
2 i.e., presumably, at the Dinner to CD on 18 Feb at which Irving presided (see To Forster, 24 Feb, fn).
Editor’s Note
3 Besides The Waterfall at St. Nightons' Kieve (see To Felton, 31 Dec 42 and fns) Maclise exhibited The Actors' Reception of the Author (Gil Bias); Thackeray was struck by his "extraordinary power of minute presentation" in both pictures (Pictorial Times, 6 May 43). CD did not write to Felton in May, as promised, and has left no record of his visit to the Academy.
Editor’s Note
4 For Hone, and CD's last visit, see To Forster, 5 Oct 42.
Editor’s Note
5 On 11 Nov 42, at Abney Park cemetery, Stoke Newington.
Editor’s Note
6 The Nonconformist, 23 Nov, noted the presence of "a few friends only" besides the family, and named Binney, Cruikshank, and CD.
Editor’s Note
1 The Rev. Thomas Binney (1798–1874; DNB), nonconformist divine, the most eminent in his generation; known as "the great Dissenting bishop", he regarded the Established Church as a national evil. For 40 years Independent minister at Weigh House Chapel (in Eastcheap to 1834, then demolished and re-erected in Fish Street Hill), where he drew large congregations. Very tall and of striking appearance, he was an effective but at times an eccentric preacher, "a man around whom all kinds of legends developed" (E. Kaye, History of the King's Weigh House Church, 1968, p. 62).
Editor’s Note
2 The obituary of Hone in the Morning Herald (9 Nov) had stated that after the failure of his business Hone had become acquainted with Binney who "persuaded him to try his powers in the pulpit, and he frequently preached in the Weigh-house Chapel, Eastcheap"; two days later a correction was inserted, saying that "Mr. Hone was for some years a member of the Weigh House, but he never preached either in that or in any chapel".
Editor’s Note
3 Only the dot of the "j", the "m", and final "le" are visible.
Editor’s Note
4 The description of Hone's funeral was quoted by Forster in his 2nd volume (F, 1872–4, ii, 11–13) from the text of the letter given by James T. Fields (Atlantic Monthly, July 1871, xxviii, 110–111); in his next volume Forster published an extract from Binney's "counter-statement" in the Evangelical Magazine of Jan 73, though without naming Binney (F, iii, 520–1), and in the next edn (1876) omitted the description of the funeral altogether. According to W. Robertson Nicoll (Dickens's Own Story, 1923, pp. 147–70) who quotes the whole of Binney's letter, he was assisted in the rebuttal by the Rev. Joshua C. Harrison and by Cruikshank. Cruikshank had also written a letter to the Daily Telegraph (23 Nov 72) making similar corrections, and saying that he had disclaimed the "offensive" part of the notice in the Herald of 9 Nov 42, which had been added by Captain Barker. The corrections are matters of detail; Forster's comment is "The reader must be left to judge between what is said of the incident in the text and these recollections of it after thirty years". According to Hone's biographer, F. W. Hackwood, Hone's daughter (Mrs Burn) "denied the misstatements in Forster's Life as soon as they appeared in 1872", and pointed out that of the 24 people present at the funeral all except CD were either relatives or intimate friends (William Hone, his Life and Times, 1912, p. 354). Blanchard Jerrold (Life of George Cruikshank, new edn, 1894, p. 72) says that CD "used to describe a serio-comic scene with Mrs. Cruikshank at the time, who implored him to intercede, not only because she feared George might be indiscreet and get into trouble, but because she could not bear 'those horrid Miss Hones' ". CD was giving an outsider's impression and may have improved on the incident a little for Felton's benefit.
Editor’s Note
bb Not previously published.
Editor’s Note
1 See Vol. ii, p. 462n; CD was about to become one of the five new members of the Council of 21, elected 26 Apr (Athenæum, 29 Apr 43); the five retiring members were Craik, Harness, Macready, Milman and Oxenford; CD retired in 44. On 18 Apr 43 he was one of the auditors of the accounts, with Charles Purton Cooper, the antiquary and barrister, and Henry Crabb Robinson (Report of the 2nd Annual Meeting, 1843); Crabb Robinson refers to "Dickens the romance writer" and adds "I was the man of business" (MS Diary, Dr Williams's Library). The seven publications of the year ending 31 Dec 42, whose editors included Peter Cunningham, David Laing, Dyce and Collier, were presumably the books to be sent to Longfellow. (He lent nine vols to Emerson in Dec 45; Journals, ed. Gilman and Parsons, ix, 567n.) Forty-nine vols of publications from 1841 to 1853 were in CD's library at his death (Catalogue of the Library of CD, ed. J. H. Stonehouse, p. 101).
Editor’s Note
2 John Hillard, the American merchant (see 5 Nov 42, ƒn), as distinct from his brother George, Longfellow's friend.
Editor’s Note
3 Longfellow in a letter to Forster on 28 Feb (Letters of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, ed. A. Hilen, ii, 509) reported that "Felton's wife is very ill,—dangerously ill", having fallen downstairs before her confinement; he feared "still worse news", but Mrs Felton lived till 12 Apr 45.
Editor’s Note
4 For CD's published attack on them, see To Thompson, 26 May 43, fn.
Editor’s Note
5 According to Clement E. Pike, "CD and Unitarianism" (Unitarian Monthly, Feb 1912, p. 18), CD began to attend at Essex Street Chapel after his return from America, and then, "learning that a funeral sermon on Dr. Channing … was to be preached by the Rev. Edward Tagart, at the Unitarian Chapel in Little Portland Street, on November 20 [1842], he resolved to hear it. After the service he had some talk with Mr. Tagart, and finding that they each held similar views of religious truths he took sittings in the chapel for himself and his family" (CD's Accounts, MS Messrs Coutts, show a payment of £7 for "Pew-rent" on 8 Jan 44). The sermon, published in 1842, praised Channing's views on slavery, and said that his qualities counteracted the painful impressions of America "which reach us from so many quarters", instancing the "hard and selfish spirit of social competition" and the "monstrous and disgusting licentiousness of the public press". The minister at Essex Street was Thomas Madge (William J. Roffey, "Essex Street Chapel", D, xxii [1926], 187). The family continued to attend regularly at Little Portland Street whenever they were in England until 1847 (according to Pike's information from Tagart's daughters) and CD afterwards occasionally attended alone. If Pike's information is correct it is surprising that there is no reference in To Felton, 31 Dec 42. See also To Tagart, ?Dec 42–Feb 43.
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